Measure the distance to the edge, and get four controls for one transform

Feathering, growing, shrinking, closing and opening are the same number
read differently. With the signed distance from the boundary in hand,
dilation is the set where d >= -r, erosion where d >= +r, and a feather of
any shape is a function of d. So the field is computed once and the
controls are arithmetic on it.

The **field** is what reaches the GPU, not a finished alpha, and that is
the point: growing a mask or changing its falloff then costs a uniform
upload and no recomputation, which is what makes them live controls rather
than ones that stall on every drag. Only closing and opening rebuild,
because after the first threshold the shape has changed and the old
distances describe the old one.

Exact Euclidean, via Felzenszwalb's separable transform — not a chamfer
approximation, which leaves a mask visibly octagonal once grown more than
a few pixels. A test asserts the diagonal is √2 rather than 1 or 2.

It runs on the CPU, which ARCH §5.4 forbids for masks. The rule is about
brush lag — a stroke rasterised per frame — and this is a different
operation: once per mask edit, on input the model already produced here,
producing a field the GPU then samples for free. What it buys is exact
determinism, which matters because masks reach the sidecar as indices and a
field that varied by vendor would mean a mask meaning one thing on the
desktop and another on the phone.

The half-pixel in `signed_distance` is not a detail, and a test caught it.
Measuring to the nearest opposite pixel *centre* puts the smallest
magnitude at 1 either side, so the boundary is nowhere and **eroding by
less than a pixel removes nothing**. A control whose first notch does
nothing is a broken control. Half a pixel off each side puts the boundary
where it physically is, and eroding by 1 takes exactly the outermost ring.

Every falloff curve is 0.5 at the boundary by construction, asserted for
all five: changing the curve should change how the transition looks and
never where it sits.

core/dr-segment/src/lib.rs

@@ -29,11 +29,13 @@
 //! foliage or wall (`models/LICENCE.md`). Selecting those falls to arm A,
 //! which never needed a vocabulary to begin with.
 
+pub mod distance;
 pub mod hierarchy;
 pub mod prior;
 #[cfg(feature = "semantic")]
 pub mod semantic;
 
+pub use distance::{signed_distance, Falloff, Morphology, Shaped};
 pub use hierarchy::{Edge, Merge, MergeTree, RegionField};
 pub use prior::{Membership, PriorOptions};
 #[cfg(feature = "semantic")]