Keep originals on this device, by pin and by use

Fills in `image_cache`, which the previous commit's "On this device" filter
read but nothing wrote. Also carries in-flight work that shared these files:
the Android TLS root store, the settings page, and a regenerated
traceability report.

# Two populations, deliberately separate

An original is kept here for one of two reasons, and conflating them produces
the exact failure the feature exists to prevent.

**Pinned** originals were asked for. Pinning a collection before a trip is a
promise, so pinned rows are never evicted and never counted against the
budget — a cap that could silently delete a pinned trip would make pinning
worthless, because it could not be relied on without checking.

**Passively cached** originals are a side effect of working: develop already
downloads the whole file, so keeping it costs no bandwidth and saves the
entire transfer next time. This population is what the budget bounds, evicted
least-recently-used, because it otherwise grows until a day of culling fills
a disk.

Sharing one budget would let a large pin starve the passive cache, or let
browsing evict a pin. They are separate.

# What was built

`dr_catalog::cache` owns the bookkeeping — held tier, size, last use, pinned
— and writes the bytes; deciding to download stays with the caller, which is
what keeps a crate with no network out of the network's business. Files are
written to a temporary and renamed, so a dropped connection cannot leave a
truncated file recorded as a complete original. They are named by image id,
not filename: `Photos/IMG_0001.CR2` and `Trips/IMG_0001.CR2` are different
photographs, and a flat cache keyed on the name would serve one for the other.

`spawn_full_fetch` became read-through. A hit is a disk read; a miss stores
what it downloads and enforces the budget. A cache that cannot be opened is a
miss, not a failure to open the photograph.

Pinning writes intent — `tier_desired` — without downloading, so the button
responds immediately, and `spawn_pin_fetch` fills it in sequentially
afterwards. Sequential because these are tens of megabytes each: the lanes
that make the thumbnail sweep fast buy little against one connection's
bandwidth and cost a great deal of memory. A pin interrupted by a lost
connection resumes from where it stopped.

Schema v5 adds `pinned` and `path`. `pinned` is a column rather than something
inferred from `pinned_by_rule`, which is ON DELETE SET NULL and so cannot
answer for an image whose rule was deleted. A v4 catalog migrates in place;
existing rows default to unpinned, the safe direction.

The budget and "keep opened originals" come from the settings page rather than
a constant, and are applied at startup rather than only on change — a cache
capped at 2 GB last session would otherwise spend this one filling to the
default. Turning off keeping leaves what is already cached readable: those
bytes are paid for, and refusing them would re-download images sitting right
there, including pinned ones.

Also removes a doubled `#[test]` introduced in the previous commit.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

ui/dr-ui/Cargo.toml

@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@ rusqlite.workspace = true
 slint = { workspace = true, features = ["compat-1-2", "renderer-femtovg"] }
 wgpu.workspace = true
 anyhow.workspace = true
+# `SettingsError` distinguishes an io failure from a malformed file, which the
+# settings page reports differently; anyhow would flatten both to a string.
+thiserror.workspace = true
 log.workspace = true
 pollster.workspace = true
 # Runtime YAML only for `live-style`; release builds read the tokens the

ui/dr-ui/src/launch_ui.rs

@@ -268,6 +268,16 @@ fn spawn_login(weak: slint::Weak<AppWindow>, ctl: Rc<LaunchController>, server:
         // as "failed unexpectedly", losing the one piece of information that
         // would explain the failure. Catch it and forward the message instead.
         let panic_tx = tx.clone();
+        // Logging is unreliable here: android_logger delivers lines emitted
+        // during startup but nothing from this thread, so a failure that never
+        // sends is otherwise completely opaque. Reporting the last step reached
+        // through the channel puts it on screen, which is the one channel known
+        // to work.
+        let step_tx = tx.clone();
+        let step = |s: &str| {
+            let _ = step_tx.send(LoginMessage::Progress(s.to_string()));
+        };
+        step("thread started");
         let result = std::panic::catch_unwind(std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe(move || {
             // `enable_all()` also enables the signal driver, which wants to own
             // process-wide signal handling and is not something a worker thread
@@ -280,12 +290,13 @@ fn spawn_login(weak: slint::Weak<AppWindow>, ctl: Rc<LaunchController>, server:
             {
                 Ok(rt) => rt,
                 Err(e) => {
-                    let _ = tx.send(LoginMessage::Failed(e.to_string()));
+                    let _ = tx.send(LoginMessage::Failed(format!("tokio runtime: {e}")));
                     return;
                 }
             };
+            step("runtime built");
 
-            run_login_flow(rt, tx, server);
+            run_login_flow(rt, tx, server, &step);
         }));
 
         if let Err(panic) = result {
@@ -308,16 +319,19 @@ fn run_login_flow(
     rt: tokio::runtime::Runtime,
     tx: std::sync::mpsc::Sender<LoginMessage>,
     server: String,
+    step: &dyn Fn(&str),
 ) {
     {
         rt.block_on(async {
+            step("building http client");
             let client = match dr_sync_nextcloud::http_client("DarkRoom") {
                 Ok(c) => c,
                 Err(e) => {
-                    let _ = tx.send(LoginMessage::Failed(e.to_string()));
+                    let _ = tx.send(LoginMessage::Failed(format!("http client: {e}")));
                     return;
                 }
             };
+            step("requesting login flow");
 
             log::info!("POST {server}/index.php/login/v2");
             let flow = match auth::begin(&client, &server, "DarkRoom").await {
@@ -361,6 +375,8 @@ fn run_login_flow(
 }
 
 enum LoginMessage {
+    /// The last step the worker reached, for diagnosis when it dies silently.
+    Progress(String),
     AwaitingApproval(String),
     Success(Box<(dr_sync_nextcloud::AppCredentials, String)>),
     Failed(String),
@@ -374,6 +390,9 @@ fn poll_channel(
 ) {
     let timer = slint::Timer::default();
     let ctl_for_cb = ctl.clone();
+    // Remembers the worker's last reported step, so a silent death names the
+    // point it got to rather than saying nothing.
+    let last_step = RefCell::new(String::from("nothing"));
 
     timer.start(
         slint::TimerMode::Repeated,
@@ -398,9 +417,10 @@ fn poll_channel(
                             // sending anything, which `catch_unwind` in
                             // spawn_login should now prevent — so say that the
                             // worker stopped rather than blaming the sign-in.
-                            ctl.model
-                                .borrow_mut()
-                                .fail("the sign-in worker stopped without reporting why");
+                            ctl.model.borrow_mut().fail(format!(
+                                "the sign-in worker stopped after: {}",
+                                last_step.borrow()
+                            ));
                             render(&w, ctl);
                         }
                         if let Some(t) = ctl.poll_timer.borrow().as_ref() {
@@ -412,6 +432,9 @@ fn poll_channel(
 
                 let mut done = false;
                 match msg {
+                    LoginMessage::Progress(s) => {
+                        *last_step.borrow_mut() = s;
+                    }
                     LoginMessage::AwaitingApproval(url) => {
                         ctl.model.borrow_mut().await_approval(url);
                     }

ui/dr-ui/src/lib.rs

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ mod develop;
 mod labels;
 mod library;
 mod library_ui;
+mod settings_store;
+mod settings_ui;
 mod trash;
 #[cfg(live_style)]
 mod live_style;
@@ -540,6 +542,50 @@ pub fn run(paths: Vec<PathBuf>) -> Result<()> {
         }
     }
 
+    // Settings: cache ceilings and export defaults, in their own config file.
+    //
+    // Wired independently of every view above. It reads no library and holds no
+    // session, so it has nothing to be sequenced against — which is the reason
+    // it is a page reachable from anywhere rather than a panel inside one view.
+    {
+        let settings = settings_ui::SettingsController::new();
+        // What the cache actually holds, so the ceiling above it is a figure
+        // the user can judge rather than an abstract one.
+        settings.set_usage_label(describe_cache_usage(&library));
+        // Rendered once up front so the page is correct the first time it is
+        // opened, rather than on the second open after a callback has run.
+        settings_ui::render(&window, &settings);
+
+        // Apply what is on disk before anything can use it. Without this the
+        // controller's defaults stand until the user happens to open the
+        // settings page and change something — so a cache deliberately capped
+        // at 2 GB last session would spend this one filling to the default.
+        {
+            let stored = settings.snapshot();
+            library.set_cache_budget(stored.cache.original_budget_bytes);
+            library.set_keep_opened_originals(stored.cache.keep_opened_originals);
+        }
+
+        let lib = library.clone();
+        let ctl = settings.clone();
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        settings_ui::wire(&window, settings.clone(), move |s| {
+            // A ceiling that moved has to be applied to what is already on
+            // disk, or lowering it would only affect future downloads and the
+            // cache would sit over budget indefinitely.
+            lib.set_cache_budget(s.cache.original_budget_bytes);
+            lib.set_keep_opened_originals(s.cache.keep_opened_originals);
+
+            // Lowering the ceiling evicts, so the figure beside it has just
+            // changed — leaving the old one would show the cache still over a
+            // limit that was enforced a moment ago.
+            ctl.set_usage_label(describe_cache_usage(&lib));
+            if let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() {
+                settings_ui::render(&w, &ctl);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
     // The device is shared by demosaic and the adjust pass. Without one the
     // app still browses through the preview path, just without develop.
     let gpu = match pollster::block_on(dr_gpu::GpuContext::new_headless()) {
@@ -827,10 +873,20 @@ pub fn run(paths: Vec<PathBuf>) -> Result<()> {
                 return;
             };
 
+            // TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+            // The cache is consulted first, so a second open of the same
+            // photograph is a disk read rather than a second download of tens
+            // of megabytes — and so a session's worth of images stays
+            // openable when the connection goes.
+            let cache = library.cache_context(&path);
+            if cache.is_none() {
+                log::debug!("no originals cache for {path}; fetching every time");
+            }
+
             log::info!("fetching {path} for develop");
             w.set_load_error("Downloading…".into());
 
-            let rx = library::spawn_full_fetch(creds, user_id, path.clone());
+            let rx = library::spawn_full_fetch(creds, user_id, path.clone(), cache);
 
             // Polled on the UI thread rather than joined: a join would freeze
             // the window for the length of the download.
@@ -1222,6 +1278,50 @@ pub fn run(paths: Vec<PathBuf>) -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+/// What the originals cache is holding, for the settings page.
+///
+/// Pinned and passive are reported separately because they answer different
+/// questions: the passive figure is what the budget above it governs, while
+/// the pinned figure is disk the user asked for and no ceiling will reclaim.
+/// One combined number would make the budget look wrong whenever a large
+/// collection was pinned.
+fn describe_cache_usage(library: &Rc<library_ui::LibraryController>) -> String {
+    let Some(cache) = library.cache() else {
+        return String::new();
+    };
+    let catalog = library.catalog();
+    let borrow = catalog.borrow();
+    let Some(catalog) = borrow.as_ref() else {
+        return String::new();
+    };
+    let Ok(usage) = cache.usage(catalog.connection()) else {
+        return String::new();
+    };
+
+    let gb = |b: u64| b as f64 / 1_073_741_824.0;
+    match (usage.passive_count, usage.pinned_count) {
+        (0, 0) => "Nothing cached yet".to_string(),
+        (_, 0) => format!(
+            "{:.1} GB cached ({} images)",
+            gb(usage.passive_bytes),
+            usage.passive_count
+        ),
+        (0, _) => format!(
+            "{:.1} GB pinned ({} images)",
+            gb(usage.pinned_bytes),
+            usage.pinned_count
+        ),
+        _ => format!(
+            "{:.1} GB cached ({} images) · {:.1} GB pinned ({} images)",
+            gb(usage.passive_bytes),
+            usage.passive_count,
+            gb(usage.pinned_bytes),
+            usage.pinned_count
+        ),
+    }
+}
+
 fn describe_camera(m: &Metadata) -> String {
     match (&m.make, &m.model) {
         (Some(make), Some(model)) => {

ui/dr-ui/src/library.rs

@@ -810,6 +810,200 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for FetchFailure {
     }
 }
 
+/// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+/// Progress from the pin worker.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum PinMessage {
+    /// How many originals the pin still needs. Sent once, before any transfer.
+    Planned { total: usize },
+    /// One original landed.
+    Stored { done: usize },
+    /// The pin is fully downloaded.
+    Done { stored: usize, bytes: u64 },
+    Failed { message: String, offline: bool },
+}
+
+/// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+/// Download every original a pin has asked for.
+///
+/// Whole files, deliberately: a pin exists so the photographs can be *edited*
+/// away from the server, and develop needs every photosite. This is the one
+/// place in the app that fetches originals in bulk, which is why FR-NC-6
+/// makes it opt-in rather than something sync does on its own.
+///
+/// Sequential rather than parallel. The lanes that make the thumbnail sweep
+/// fast are wrong here: these are tens of megabytes each, so concurrency buys
+/// little against a single connection's bandwidth and costs a great deal of
+/// memory — and it is the same contention that produced 423 Locked in the
+/// sweep.
+pub fn spawn_pin_fetch(
+    creds: AppCredentials,
+    user_id: String,
+    catalog_path: PathBuf,
+    cache_dir: PathBuf,
+    budget: dr_catalog::Budget,
+) -> Receiver<PinMessage> {
+    let (tx, rx) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
+
+    std::thread::spawn(move || {
+        let (store, catalog) = match (
+            dr_catalog::Cache::open(&cache_dir, budget),
+            Catalog::open(&catalog_path),
+        ) {
+            (Ok(s), Ok(c)) => (s, c),
+            (Err(e), _) | (_, Err(e)) => {
+                let _ = tx.send(PinMessage::Failed {
+                    message: e.to_string(),
+                    offline: false,
+                });
+                return;
+            }
+        };
+
+        let pending = match store.pending_pins(catalog.connection()) {
+            Ok(p) => p,
+            Err(e) => {
+                let _ = tx.send(PinMessage::Failed {
+                    message: e.to_string(),
+                    offline: false,
+                });
+                return;
+            }
+        };
+
+        if tx
+            .send(PinMessage::Planned {
+                total: pending.len(),
+            })
+            .is_err()
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+        if pending.is_empty() {
+            let _ = tx.send(PinMessage::Done {
+                stored: 0,
+                bytes: 0,
+            });
+            return;
+        }
+
+        let rt = match tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
+            .enable_all()
+            .build()
+        {
+            Ok(rt) => rt,
+            Err(e) => {
+                let _ = tx.send(PinMessage::Failed {
+                    message: e.to_string(),
+                    offline: false,
+                });
+                return;
+            }
+        };
+
+        rt.block_on(async {
+            let backend = match NextcloudBackend::new(&creds, &user_id) {
+                Ok(b) => b,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    let _ = tx.send(PinMessage::Failed {
+                        message: e.to_string(),
+                        offline: false,
+                    });
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
+            let mut stored = 0usize;
+            let mut bytes_total = 0u64;
+
+            for image in pending {
+                let Some(source_ref) = source_ref_of(&catalog, image) else {
+                    // Catalogued and then removed while the pin was pending.
+                    continue;
+                };
+
+                let id = RemoteId::Path(RemotePath::new(&source_ref));
+                match backend.get(&id, None).await {
+                    Ok(bytes) => {
+                        // `pinned: true` — this is the population the budget
+                        // must never evict, which is the entire promise the
+                        // user made when they pinned the collection.
+                        if let Err(e) = store.store(
+                            catalog.connection(),
+                            image,
+                            &source_ref,
+                            &bytes,
+                            true,
+                            now_secs(),
+                        ) {
+                            log::warn!("storing pinned {source_ref}: {e}");
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        stored += 1;
+                        bytes_total += bytes.len() as u64;
+                        if tx.send(PinMessage::Stored { done: stored }).is_err() {
+                            return;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Err(e) if e.indicates_offline() => {
+                        // Stop rather than failing each remaining file against
+                        // a dead connection. What was downloaded stays
+                        // downloaded, and `pending_pins` resumes from there.
+                        let _ = tx.send(PinMessage::Failed {
+                            message: e.to_string(),
+                            offline: true,
+                        });
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        // One unreadable file must not abandon the whole pin.
+                        log::warn!("pinning {source_ref}: {e}");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            let _ = tx.send(PinMessage::Done {
+                stored,
+                bytes: bytes_total,
+            });
+        });
+    });
+
+    rx
+}
+
+/// The remote path for a catalogued image.
+fn source_ref_of(catalog: &Catalog, image: dr_types::ImageId) -> Option<String> {
+    catalog
+        .connection()
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT source_ref FROM images WHERE id = ?1",
+            rusqlite::params![image.0 as i64],
+            |r| r.get(0),
+        )
+        .ok()
+}
+
+/// TRACES: FR-NC-6a | FR-CAT-9
+/// Where a cached original is kept and how much may be kept.
+///
+/// Passed in rather than derived here so the caller owns the policy: the
+/// budget is a user setting, and this function is on a worker thread with no
+/// access to one.
+pub struct CacheContext {
+    pub dir: PathBuf,
+    pub catalog_path: PathBuf,
+    pub image: dr_types::ImageId,
+    pub budget: dr_catalog::Budget,
+    /// Whether a downloaded original is kept.
+    ///
+    /// Only the write. A cache is always *read*, because bytes already on disk
+    /// cost nothing to use and declining them would re-download an image that
+    /// is present — including every pinned one, which would leave a pinned
+    /// collection unopenable offline the moment this was switched off.
+    pub store: bool,
+}
+
 /// Fetch one file in full, for opening it in develop.
 ///
 /// Deliberately *not* the preview path. Browsing fetches a range and decodes
@@ -817,16 +1011,50 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for FetchFailure {
 /// needs every photosite. On a RAW file that is tens of megabytes, which is
 /// why this is a click-triggered download and not something the grid does.
 ///
+/// # Read-through
+///
+/// With a `cache`, this checks disk before the network and stores what it
+/// downloads. That is what makes opening the same photograph twice cost one
+/// transfer, and what leaves a working session's images openable offline
+/// without anyone having pinned anything.
+///
+/// A cache miss is not an error and a cache failure is not fatal: both fall
+/// through to the network, which is exactly the behaviour that existed before
+/// the cache did.
+///
 /// Returns the bytes on a channel rather than blocking: the download runs on
 /// its own thread and the UI stays live, exactly as thumbnail fetching does.
 pub fn spawn_full_fetch(
     creds: AppCredentials,
     user_id: String,
     path: String,
+    cache: Option<CacheContext>,
 ) -> Receiver<Result<Vec<u8>, FetchFailure>> {
     let (tx, rx) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
 
     std::thread::spawn(move || {
+        // Opened on this thread: `rusqlite::Connection` is not `Send`, and the
+        // UI thread's handle cannot be borrowed across the spawn.
+        let cached = cache.as_ref().and_then(|c| {
+            let store = dr_catalog::Cache::open(&c.dir, c.budget).ok()?;
+            let conn = Catalog::open(&c.catalog_path).ok()?;
+            Some((store, conn))
+        });
+
+        if let (Some(c), Some((store, conn))) = (cache.as_ref(), cached.as_ref()) {
+            match store.load(conn.connection(), c.image, now_secs()) {
+                Ok(Some(bytes)) => {
+                    log::info!("{path}: {} bytes from the local cache", bytes.len());
+                    let _ = tx.send(Ok(bytes));
+                    return;
+                }
+                Ok(None) => {}
+                // A cache that cannot be read is a cache miss, not a failure
+                // to open the photograph.
+                Err(e) => log::debug!("cache lookup for {path}: {e}"),
+            }
+        }
+
         let rt = match tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
             .enable_all()
             .build()
@@ -849,6 +1077,26 @@ pub fn spawn_full_fetch(
 
             let id = RemoteId::Path(RemotePath::new(&path));
             let got = backend.get(&id, None).await.map_err(FetchFailure::from);
+
+            // Store before sending, so the bytes are on disk by the time the
+            // image is on screen. Doing it after would leave a window where
+            // closing the app immediately lost the download.
+            if let (Ok(bytes), Some(c), Some((store, conn))) =
+                (&got, cache.as_ref().filter(|c| c.store), cached.as_ref())
+            {
+                // `pinned: false` — this is the passive population. A pin is
+                // something the user asks for explicitly; opening an image is
+                // not that, and treating it as one would make the pinned set
+                // grow silently and never be evicted.
+                if let Err(e) =
+                    store.store(conn.connection(), c.image, &path, bytes, false, now_secs())
+                {
+                    log::debug!("caching {path}: {e}");
+                } else if let Err(e) = store.enforce(conn.connection()) {
+                    log::debug!("enforcing the cache budget: {e}");
+                }
+            }
+
             let _ = tx.send(got);
         });
     });

ui/dr-ui/src/library_ui.rs

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 //! timers, which is the same shape [`crate::launch_ui`] uses for login.
 
 use std::cell::RefCell;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 use std::sync::mpsc::Receiver;
 
@@ -83,7 +84,19 @@ pub struct LibraryController {
     window: RefCell<usize>,
     /// Which rows already have a thumbnail fetch issued, so scrolling back
     /// does not refetch what is already on screen.
-    requested: RefCell<std::collections::HashSet<usize>>,
+    /// Which images have a fetch in flight or already served, keyed on
+    /// `(image_id, size class)`.
+    ///
+    /// **Identity, not row index.** The grid is a window over the catalog, so
+    /// row 7 means a different photograph after every scroll — a set of
+    /// indices had to be cleared on each window move, which made every visible
+    /// cell look unrequested and re-issued the whole screenful on every
+    /// scroll.
+    ///
+    /// The size class is part of the key because the two resolutions are
+    /// fetched independently: holding the 256px one says nothing about whether
+    /// the large one has been asked for.
+    requested: RefCell<std::collections::HashSet<(i64, dr_thumbs::ThumbSize)>>,
     scan_timer: RefCell<Option<slint::Timer>>,
     thumb_timer: RefCell<Option<slint::Timer>>,
     /// The whole-library sweep, which outlives any one grid window.
@@ -157,6 +170,10 @@ pub struct LibraryController {
     /// judgement, and carrying the old one over would report a server down
     /// that was never contacted.
     reachability: RefCell<dr_sync::Reachability>,
+    /// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+    /// Drains the pin downloader. Held so a second pin replaces the timer
+    /// rather than leaving two draining the same finished channel.
+    pin_timer: RefCell<Option<slint::Timer>>,
     /// Narrow the grid to images whose original is stored locally.
     ///
     /// A `Cell` beside `filter` rather than a field inside it: the rating
@@ -164,6 +181,23 @@ pub struct LibraryController {
     /// predicate over the cache, and folding two different joins into one type
     /// would put the cache schema inside a rating concept.
     local_only: std::cell::Cell<bool>,
+    /// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+    /// The ceiling on passively cached originals, from the settings page.
+    ///
+    /// Held here rather than read from `SettingsStore` at each use because the
+    /// workers that need it run on threads with no config access — the same
+    /// reason [`library::CacheContext`] takes it as a field. A `Cell` because
+    /// the settings page can move it while a library is open, and the next
+    /// fetch must use the new figure rather than one captured at open.
+    cache_budget: std::cell::Cell<dr_catalog::Budget>,
+    /// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+    /// Whether opening an image in develop keeps its original on disk.
+    ///
+    /// Held beside the budget and for the same reason. Distinct from a zero
+    /// budget: this switches the passive population off entirely, while a
+    /// small budget still keeps a working set. A metered or small-disk device
+    /// wants the first.
+    keep_opened: std::cell::Cell<bool>,
 }
 
 impl LibraryController {
@@ -194,10 +228,56 @@ impl LibraryController {
             sidecar_timer: RefCell::new(None),
             generation: std::cell::Cell::new(0),
             reachability: RefCell::new(dr_sync::Reachability::new()),
+            pin_timer: RefCell::new(None),
             local_only: std::cell::Cell::new(false),
+            // The catalog's own floor until the settings page reports what the
+            // user has stored, which it does at startup before any fetch.
+            cache_budget: std::cell::Cell::new(dr_catalog::Budget::default()),
+            keep_opened: std::cell::Cell::new(
+                dr_types::CacheSettings::default().keep_opened_originals,
+            ),
         })
     }
 
+    /// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+    /// Whether a develop open should keep the original it downloads.
+    ///
+    /// Turning it off leaves what is already cached alone: those bytes are
+    /// paid for, and deleting them would make the switch destructive when it
+    /// only means "stop adding to this".
+    pub fn set_keep_opened_originals(&self, keep: bool) {
+        self.keep_opened.set(keep);
+    }
+
+    /// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+    /// Set the ceiling on passively cached originals, and apply it now.
+    ///
+    /// Applied immediately rather than only to later downloads: a user who has
+    /// just lowered the limit expects the space back, and a budget that took
+    /// effect only on the next fetch would leave the cache over its stated
+    /// ceiling for as long as they browsed nothing new.
+    pub fn set_cache_budget(&self, bytes: Option<u64>) {
+        let budget = match bytes {
+            Some(n) => dr_catalog::Budget::bytes(n),
+            None => dr_catalog::Budget::unlimited(),
+        };
+        self.cache_budget.set(budget);
+
+        // Best-effort: no library open means no cache to trim, and a failure
+        // here must not stop the setting from being stored — the ceiling still
+        // applies to every fetch from now on.
+        let Some(dir) = self.cache_dir() else { return };
+        let borrow = self.catalog.borrow();
+        let Some(catalog) = borrow.as_ref() else { return };
+        match dr_catalog::Cache::open(&dir, budget)
+            .and_then(|cache| cache.enforce(catalog.connection()))
+        {
+            Ok(0) => {}
+            Ok(n) => log::info!("cache budget changed: evicted {n} original(s)"),
+            Err(e) => log::warn!("applying the new cache budget: {e}"),
+        }
+    }
+
     /// TRACES: FR-CAT-9
     /// Whether the app currently believes the server is unreachable.
     pub fn is_offline(&self) -> bool {
@@ -209,6 +289,83 @@ impl LibraryController {
         self.local_only.get()
     }
 
+    /// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+    /// The catalog id for a remote path currently in the grid.
+    ///
+    /// The cache is keyed on `ImageId` because that is what survives a
+    /// server-side rename (FR-NC-5), while the develop callback carries only a
+    /// path. `paths` and `image_ids` are parallel to the model, so this is the
+    /// join between the two.
+    pub fn image_id_for_path(&self, path: &str) -> Option<dr_types::ImageId> {
+        let index = self.paths.borrow().iter().position(|p| p == path)?;
+        self.image_ids
+            .borrow()
+            .get(index)
+            .map(|id| dr_types::ImageId(*id as u64))
+    }
+
+    /// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+    /// Where cached originals live for the open library.
+    ///
+    /// Beside the catalog rather than under a system cache directory: the two
+    /// are per-account and are discarded together, and a cached original whose
+    /// catalog row is gone is unreachable anyway.
+    pub fn cache_dir(&self) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+        let borrow = self.session.borrow();
+        let (_, session, _) = borrow.as_ref()?;
+        library::catalog_path(&session.server, &session.user_id)
+            .parent()
+            .map(|p| p.join("originals"))
+    }
+
+    /// Open the originals cache for the current library.
+    ///
+    /// Used by pinning, which writes intent against the catalog directly
+    /// rather than going through a fetch.
+    pub fn cache(&self) -> Option<dr_catalog::Cache> {
+        let dir = self.cache_dir()?;
+        match dr_catalog::Cache::open(&dir, self.cache_budget.get()) {
+            Ok(c) => Some(c),
+            Err(e) => {
+                // Not fatal: without a cache every open is a download, which
+                // is exactly the behaviour that existed before this.
+                log::warn!("originals cache unavailable: {e}");
+                None
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+    /// Everything a full fetch needs to read and write the cache.
+    ///
+    /// Assembled here because the develop callback holds only a path, while
+    /// the cache is keyed on `ImageId` and lives beside a catalog whose
+    /// location comes from the session. `None` where any part is missing — a
+    /// grid row that has scrolled away, or no library open — and the fetch
+    /// then simply goes to the network.
+    pub fn cache_context(&self, path: &str) -> Option<library::CacheContext> {
+        let borrow = self.session.borrow();
+        let (_, session, _) = borrow.as_ref()?;
+        let catalog_path = library::catalog_path(&session.server, &session.user_id);
+        let dir = catalog_path.parent()?.join("originals");
+        drop(borrow);
+
+        Some(library::CacheContext {
+            dir,
+            catalog_path,
+            image: self.image_id_for_path(path)?,
+            // The user's ceiling, not the catalog's floor: read at each fetch
+            // so a budget changed mid-session takes effect on the next one.
+            budget: self.cache_budget.get(),
+            // Gates the *write* only. Reading stays enabled either way: bytes
+            // already on disk were paid for, and refusing to use them because
+            // the user has since stopped adding new ones would re-download
+            // images that are sitting right there — and would make a pinned
+            // collection unopenable offline.
+            store: self.keep_opened.get(),
+        })
+    }
+
     /// Toggle the local-only filter, resetting the window.
     ///
     /// The offset is cleared for the same reason a scope change clears it: the
@@ -541,6 +698,243 @@ fn start_rescan(
     drain_scan(window.as_weak(), ctl.clone(), coll_ctl.clone(), rx, path);
 }
 
+/// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+/// Pin the scoped collection for offline use, or release it.
+///
+/// Pinning is two separate things, and keeping them separate is what makes the
+/// button feel immediate: recording the *intent* is a local catalog write that
+/// completes at once, and downloading the bytes is a background transfer that
+/// may take a very long time. The button reflects the first.
+fn toggle_pin_scope(window: &AppWindow, ctl: &Rc<LibraryController>) {
+    let Some(scope) = *ctl.scope.borrow() else {
+        return;
+    };
+    let Some(cache) = ctl.cache() else {
+        window.set_library_error("No cache directory for this library.".into());
+        return;
+    };
+
+    let borrow = ctl.catalog.borrow();
+    let Some(catalog) = borrow.as_ref() else {
+        return;
+    };
+
+    // Descendants, matching what the grid shows when scoped to a set: pinning
+    // a parent whose children hold the photographs must pin the photographs,
+    // or the button would appear to do nothing.
+    let ids = match dr_catalog::collections::descendants(catalog.connection(), scope) {
+        Ok(ids) => ids,
+        Err(e) => {
+            window.set_library_error(format!("resolving collection: {e}").into());
+            return;
+        }
+    };
+    let images = collection_images(catalog, &ids);
+    if images.is_empty() {
+        window.set_library_error("Nothing in that collection to keep offline.".into());
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let pinning = !window.get_library_scope_pinned();
+    let result = if pinning {
+        cache.pin(catalog.connection(), &images)
+    } else {
+        cache.unpin(catalog.connection(), &images)
+    };
+
+    if let Err(e) = result {
+        window.set_library_error(format!("pinning: {e}").into());
+        return;
+    }
+
+    window.set_library_scope_pinned(pinning);
+    window.set_library_error(slint::SharedString::new());
+    drop(borrow);
+
+    if pinning {
+        log::info!("pinned {} image(s) for offline use", images.len());
+        start_pin_fetch(window, ctl);
+    } else {
+        // The bytes stay until the budget needs the room, so there is nothing
+        // to run here — unpinning withdraws a guarantee rather than deleting.
+        log::info!("released the pin on {} image(s)", images.len());
+        window.set_library_pin_total(0);
+        window.set_library_pin_done(0);
+        refresh_local_count(window, ctl);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Every image in the given collections, deduplicated.
+///
+/// An image in both a parent and a child is one photograph and must be pinned
+/// once, exactly as the grid draws it once.
+fn collection_images(catalog: &Catalog, ids: &[dr_types::CollectionId]) -> Vec<dr_types::ImageId> {
+    if ids.is_empty() {
+        return Vec::new();
+    }
+    let placeholders = std::iter::repeat_n("?", ids.len())
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        .join(",");
+    let sql = format!(
+        "SELECT DISTINCT image_id FROM collection_members
+          WHERE collection_id IN ({placeholders})"
+    );
+    let params: Vec<rusqlite::types::Value> = ids
+        .iter()
+        .map(|c| rusqlite::types::Value::Integer(c.0 as i64))
+        .collect();
+
+    let Ok(mut stmt) = catalog.connection().prepare(&sql) else {
+        return Vec::new();
+    };
+    let rows = stmt.query_map(rusqlite::params_from_iter(params.iter()), |r| {
+        Ok(dr_types::ImageId(r.get::<_, i64>(0)? as u64))
+    });
+    match rows {
+        Ok(rows) => rows.flatten().collect(),
+        Err(e) => {
+            log::debug!("listing collection images: {e}");
+            Vec::new()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+/// Download whatever the pins still want, reporting progress.
+fn start_pin_fetch(window: &AppWindow, ctl: &Rc<LibraryController>) {
+    let Some((creds, session, _)) = ctl.session.borrow().clone() else {
+        return;
+    };
+    let Some(cache_dir) = ctl.cache_dir() else {
+        return;
+    };
+
+    // Offline, there is nothing to download from. The pin is already recorded,
+    // so it resumes on reconnect rather than being lost.
+    if ctl.is_offline() {
+        log::info!("offline: the pin is recorded and will download on reconnect");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let rx = library::spawn_pin_fetch(
+        creds,
+        session.user_id.clone(),
+        library::catalog_path(&session.server, &session.user_id),
+        cache_dir,
+        // Pinned originals are exempt from the budget, but a pin fetch also
+        // stores passively when it finds an image already cached, so the worker
+        // still needs the user's ceiling rather than the catalog's floor.
+        ctl.cache_budget.get(),
+    );
+
+    let timer = slint::Timer::default();
+    let weak = window.as_weak();
+    let ctl_cb = ctl.clone();
+
+    timer.start(
+        slint::TimerMode::Repeated,
+        std::time::Duration::from_millis(300),
+        move || {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            loop {
+                let msg = match rx.try_recv() {
+                    Ok(m) => m,
+                    Err(std::sync::mpsc::TryRecvError::Empty) => return,
+                    Err(std::sync::mpsc::TryRecvError::Disconnected) => {
+                        w.set_library_pin_total(0);
+                        stop(&ctl_cb.pin_timer);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                };
+
+                match msg {
+                    library::PinMessage::Planned { total } => {
+                        w.set_library_pin_total(total as i32);
+                        w.set_library_pin_done(0);
+                    }
+                    library::PinMessage::Stored { done } => {
+                        w.set_library_pin_done(done as i32);
+                        // The "On this device" count grows as they land, so
+                        // the chip agrees with the progress line beside it.
+                        refresh_local_count(&w, &ctl_cb);
+                    }
+                    library::PinMessage::Done { stored, bytes } => {
+                        log::info!(
+                            "pin complete: {stored} original(s), {:.1} MB",
+                            bytes as f64 / 1_048_576.0
+                        );
+                        w.set_library_pin_total(0);
+                        w.set_library_pin_done(0);
+                        refresh_local_count(&w, &ctl_cb);
+                        stop(&ctl_cb.pin_timer);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    library::PinMessage::Failed { message, offline } => {
+                        log::warn!("pin fetch stopped: {message}");
+                        w.set_library_pin_total(0);
+                        if offline {
+                            ctl_cb
+                                .reachability
+                                .borrow_mut()
+                                .mark_unreachable(message, std::time::Instant::now());
+                            refresh_offline(&w, &ctl_cb);
+                        } else {
+                            w.set_library_error(format!("keeping offline: {message}").into());
+                        }
+                        refresh_local_count(&w, &ctl_cb);
+                        stop(&ctl_cb.pin_timer);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        },
+    );
+
+    *ctl.pin_timer.borrow_mut() = Some(timer);
+}
+
+/// Refresh the "On this device" count from the catalog.
+fn refresh_local_count(window: &AppWindow, ctl: &Rc<LibraryController>) {
+    let borrow = ctl.catalog.borrow();
+    let Some(catalog) = borrow.as_ref() else {
+        return;
+    };
+    window.set_library_local_count(library::local_original_count(catalog).unwrap_or(0) as i32);
+}
+
+/// TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+/// Whether every image in the scoped collection is pinned.
+///
+/// Read from the catalog rather than remembered, because a pin outlives the
+/// session that made it: reopening the library must show the button already
+/// active, or the user would pin the same collection twice.
+fn scope_is_pinned(catalog: &Catalog, images: &[dr_types::ImageId]) -> bool {
+    if images.is_empty() {
+        return false;
+    }
+    let placeholders = std::iter::repeat_n("?", images.len())
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        .join(",");
+    let params: Vec<rusqlite::types::Value> = images
+        .iter()
+        .map(|i| rusqlite::types::Value::Integer(i.0 as i64))
+        .collect();
+
+    let pinned: i64 = catalog
+        .connection()
+        .query_row(
+            &format!(
+                "SELECT count(*) FROM image_cache
+                  WHERE pinned = 1 AND image_id IN ({placeholders})"
+            ),
+            rusqlite::params_from_iter(params.iter()),
+            |r| r.get(0),
+        )
+        .unwrap_or(0);
+
+    pinned as usize == images.len()
+}
+
 /// TRACES: FR-CAT-9
 /// Paint the connectivity state into the window.
 ///
@@ -646,6 +1040,19 @@ fn load_window(window: &AppWindow, ctl: &Rc<LibraryController>) {
     // query rather than another predicate threaded through the scoped one.
     let trash = ctl.viewing_trash.get();
 
+    // TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+    // Whether the newly scoped collection is already pinned. Read here rather
+    // than remembered, because a pin outlives the session that made it — on
+    // reopening the library the button has to show what the catalog says, not
+    // what this run happens to have done.
+    window.set_library_scope_pinned(match scope {
+        Some(id) => dr_catalog::collections::descendants(catalog.connection(), id)
+            .map(|ids| collection_images(catalog, &ids))
+            .map(|images| scope_is_pinned(catalog, &images))
+            .unwrap_or(false),
+        None => false,
+    });
+
     let total = if trash {
         library::total_trashed(catalog).unwrap_or(0)
     } else {
@@ -1097,18 +1504,26 @@ fn request_thumbnails(window: &AppWindow, ctl: &Rc<LibraryController>) {
         paths
             .iter()
             .enumerate()
-            .filter(|(i, _)| requested.insert(*i))
-            .map(|(i, p)| library::ThumbnailRequest {
+            .filter_map(|(i, p)| {
+                let image_id = *image_ids.get(i)?;
                 // Chosen from how large the cell is actually drawn, so a
                 // zoomed grid asks for detail a 256px thumbnail cannot give
                 // and a wall of small cells does not pay for it.
-                thumb_size: dr_thumbs::ThumbSize::for_cell(cell_pixels),
-                row: i,
-                path: p.clone(),
-                file_id: file_ids.get(i).copied().flatten(),
-                size: sizes.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(0),
-                image_id: image_ids.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(0),
-                needs_metadata: needs_md.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(false),
+                let thumb_size = dr_thumbs::ThumbSize::for_cell(cell_pixels);
+                // Keyed on the photograph, so scrolling back over a cell that
+                // has already been served does not ask for it again.
+                if !requested.insert((image_id, thumb_size)) {
+                    return None;
+                }
+                Some(library::ThumbnailRequest {
+                    row: i,
+                    path: p.clone(),
+                    file_id: file_ids.get(i).copied().flatten(),
+                    size: sizes.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(0),
+                    image_id,
+                    needs_metadata: needs_md.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(false),
+                    thumb_size,
+                })
             })
             .collect()
     };
@@ -1777,8 +2192,6 @@ fn scrub_to(window: &AppWindow, ctl: &Rc<LibraryController>, when: i64) {
     // the viewport sits at row 0 shows an empty grid until the user scrolls.
     window.set_library_scroll_to(position as i32);
     window.set_library_scroll_token(window.get_library_scroll_token() + 1);
-    // A new window means new rows; nothing already fetched applies to them.
-    ctl.requested.borrow_mut().clear();
     load_window(window, ctl);
 }
 
@@ -1893,14 +2306,10 @@ where
             }
             w.set_library_cell_size(next);
 
-            // Crossing the class boundary means the visible cells now want a
-            // resolution the store may not hold, and the window's capacity
-            // changed with the cell size. Both are answered by reloading.
-            let was = dr_thumbs::ThumbSize::for_cell(current as u32);
-            let now = dr_thumbs::ThumbSize::for_cell(next as u32);
-            if was != now {
-                ctl.requested.borrow_mut().clear();
-            }
+            // No need to forget anything on a class change: the class is part
+            // of the request key, so cells that now want the large resolution
+            // simply miss and ask for it, while the 256px ones they already
+            // hold stay served.
             load_window(&w, &ctl);
         });
     }
@@ -1942,9 +2351,6 @@ where
                 return;
             }
             *ctl.window.borrow_mut() = capacity;
-            // The window's extent changed, so rows outside the old one were
-            // never requested and rows inside it still hold their thumbnails.
-            ctl.requested.borrow_mut().clear();
             load_window(&w, &ctl);
         });
     }
@@ -2028,9 +2434,6 @@ where
             }
 
             *ctl.offset.borrow_mut() = desired;
-            // A different window means different rows; nothing already
-            // requested applies to them.
-            ctl.requested.borrow_mut().clear();
             load_window(&w, &ctl);
         });
     }
@@ -2173,7 +2576,6 @@ where
                 // from the restored position has loaded rows above it.
                 let window_size = *ctl.window.borrow();
                 *ctl.offset.borrow_mut() = resume.saturating_sub(window_size / 4);
-                ctl.requested.borrow_mut().clear();
                 load_window(&w, &ctl);
 
                 // Before the grid is shown, not after: the markup gates it on
@@ -2324,6 +2726,17 @@ where
         });
     }
 
+    // TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+    // Pin or unpin the collection the grid is scoped to.
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = ctl.clone();
+        window.on_library_toggle_pin_scope(move || {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            toggle_pin_scope(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
     // TRACES: FR-CAT-9
     // Retry now, rather than waiting out the backoff. A user who has just
     // reconnected their wifi knows something the backoff does not.
@@ -2527,6 +2940,51 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(ThumbSize::for_cell(zoom_cell(281.0, -1) as u32), ThumbSize::Grid);
     }
 
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_request_key_survives_the_window_moving() {
+        use dr_thumbs::ThumbSize;
+        use std::collections::HashSet;
+
+        // Keyed on the photograph, not its position. The grid is a window over
+        // the catalog, so row 7 is a different image after every scroll — a
+        // set of row indices had to be cleared on each move, and every visible
+        // cell then looked unrequested and was re-issued.
+        let mut requested: HashSet<(i64, ThumbSize)> = HashSet::new();
+
+        // A screenful at rows 0..3, holding images 100..103.
+        for id in 100..103 {
+            assert!(requested.insert((id, ThumbSize::Grid)), "first sight");
+        }
+
+        // Scrolled: the same photographs now occupy different rows.
+        for id in 100..103 {
+            assert!(
+                !requested.insert((id, ThumbSize::Grid)),
+                "image {id} must not be requested twice"
+            );
+        }
+
+        // A genuinely new photograph still is.
+        assert!(requested.insert((200, ThumbSize::Grid)));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn the_two_size_classes_are_requested_independently() {
+        use dr_thumbs::ThumbSize;
+        use std::collections::HashSet;
+
+        // Holding the 256px version says nothing about the large one, so
+        // zooming past the boundary must still ask.
+        let mut requested: HashSet<(i64, ThumbSize)> = HashSet::new();
+        assert!(requested.insert((1, ThumbSize::Grid)));
+        assert!(
+            requested.insert((1, ThumbSize::Large)),
+            "the large class is a separate request"
+        );
+        assert!(!requested.insert((1, ThumbSize::Grid)));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn zoom_zero_is_the_whole_library() {
         let full = (1_000, 2_000);

ui/dr-ui/src/settings_store.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+//! TRACES: FR-PLAT-LIN-1 | FR-NC-6a | FR-EXP-5
+//! Reads and writes `settings.json` beside the session config.
+//!
+//! Deliberately a near-twin of [`SessionStore`](dr_sync_nextcloud::SessionStore)
+//! rather than an extension of it. Two files, two lifetimes: signing out
+//! forgets a session and must not discard a cache budget, and resetting
+//! preferences must not revoke a credential. Merging them would couple those.
+//!
+//! There is no `version` field here, unlike `sessions.json`. Every field in
+//! [`Settings`] is `#[serde(default)]`, so an older file is missing fields
+//! rather than wrong about them, and a newer file read by an older build
+//! ignores what it does not know. That covers additive change, which is the
+//! only kind this record has had; a field whose *meaning* changes will need a
+//! version, and that is the point to add one.
+
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+use dr_types::Settings;
+
+/// Loads and saves device preferences.
+pub struct SettingsStore {
+    path: PathBuf,
+}
+
+impl SettingsStore {
+    /// Open the store at the platform config location.
+    ///
+    /// Linux: `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/darkroom/settings.json`, falling back to
+    /// `~/.config` (FR-PLAT-LIN-1) — the same resolution `SessionStore` does,
+    /// so the two files sit together and a user backing up one takes both.
+    pub fn open() -> Self {
+        let dir = std::env::var_os("XDG_CONFIG_HOME")
+            .map(PathBuf::from)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                PathBuf::from(std::env::var("HOME").unwrap_or_default()).join(".config")
+            })
+            .join("darkroom");
+        Self::open_at(dir.join("settings.json"))
+    }
+
+    /// Open at an explicit path — for tests, and for a non-default location.
+    pub fn open_at(path: PathBuf) -> Self {
+        Self { path }
+    }
+
+    pub fn path(&self) -> &Path {
+        &self.path
+    }
+
+    /// The stored settings, or the defaults.
+    ///
+    /// A missing file is a first run, not a failure. An *unparseable* file is
+    /// also answered with defaults rather than an error, because the
+    /// alternative is an app that will not start until the user hand-edits
+    /// JSON — and the file is rewritten whole on the next save, so the damage
+    /// does not persist. The parse failure is logged so it is not silent.
+    pub fn load(&self) -> Settings {
+        let mut settings = match std::fs::read_to_string(&self.path) {
+            Ok(text) => match serde_json::from_str::<Settings>(&text) {
+                Ok(s) => s,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    log::warn!(
+                        "{} is not readable settings ({e}); using defaults",
+                        self.path.display()
+                    );
+                    Settings::default()
+                }
+            },
+            Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Settings::default(),
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::warn!("reading {}: {e}; using defaults", self.path.display());
+                Settings::default()
+            }
+        };
+
+        // The file is hand-editable, so nothing downstream may assume a sane
+        // range until this has run.
+        settings.sanitise();
+        settings
+    }
+
+    /// Persist settings, replacing whatever was there.
+    ///
+    /// A whole-file write rather than a merge: this record is the complete set
+    /// of preferences and the caller is holding the copy the user just edited.
+    /// Merging would let a field the page does not yet expose resurrect an old
+    /// value the user thought they had changed.
+    pub fn save(&self, settings: &Settings) -> Result<(), SettingsError> {
+        if let Some(parent) = self.path.parent() {
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
+        }
+        let json = serde_json::to_string_pretty(settings)?;
+
+        // Write and rename, so an interrupted save cannot truncate the
+        // existing file — the same discipline `SessionStore` uses. Settings are
+        // saved on every field edit, which makes the interrupted-write window
+        // something the user actually meets rather than a theoretical one.
+        let tmp = self.path.with_extension("tmp");
+        std::fs::write(&tmp, json)?;
+        std::fs::rename(&tmp, &self.path)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
+pub enum SettingsError {
+    #[error("settings io: {0}")]
+    Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
+
+    #[error("settings format: {0}")]
+    Serde(#[from] serde_json::Error),
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use dr_types::{settings::budget, ExportFormat};
+
+    fn tempdir(name: &str) -> PathBuf {
+        let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
+            "dr-settings-test-{name}-{}-{:?}",
+            std::process::id(),
+            std::thread::current().id()
+        ));
+        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+        dir
+    }
+
+    fn store(name: &str) -> (SettingsStore, PathBuf) {
+        let dir = tempdir(name);
+        (SettingsStore::open_at(dir.join("settings.json")), dir)
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_first_run_gets_the_defaults() {
+        let (store, _dir) = store("first-run");
+        assert!(!store.path().exists());
+        assert_eq!(store.load(), Settings::default());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn settings_survive_a_round_trip() {
+        let (store, _dir) = store("round-trip");
+
+        let mut settings = Settings::default();
+        settings.export.format = ExportFormat::Tiff16;
+        settings.export.quality = 72;
+        settings.cache.original_budget_bytes = budget::from_gb("16");
+        settings.cache.keep_opened_originals = false;
+
+        store.save(&settings).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(store.load(), settings);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn an_unlimited_budget_survives_the_file() {
+        // `None` and `Some(0)` are different settings; a serialiser that
+        // flattened one into the other would turn "keep everything" into
+        // "keep nothing" — the worst possible confusion of the two.
+        let (store, _dir) = store("unlimited");
+
+        let mut settings = Settings::default();
+        settings.cache.original_budget_bytes = None;
+        store.save(&settings).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(store.load().cache.original_budget_bytes, None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn saving_creates_the_config_directory() {
+        // A first save on a fresh machine has no `~/.config/darkroom` yet.
+        let dir = tempdir("mkdir");
+        let store = SettingsStore::open_at(dir.join("nested").join("settings.json"));
+        store.save(&Settings::default()).unwrap();
+        assert!(store.path().exists());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_corrupt_file_yields_defaults_rather_than_failing() {
+        // An app that will not start until the user hand-edits JSON is worse
+        // than one that forgets a preference.
+        let (store, _dir) = store("corrupt");
+        std::fs::write(store.path(), "{ this is not json").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(store.load(), Settings::default());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_file_from_an_older_build_keeps_what_it_does_say() {
+        // Additive change is the case `serde(default)` covers, and the point of
+        // having no version field. The named value must survive.
+        let (store, _dir) = store("older");
+        std::fs::write(store.path(), r#"{"export":{"quality":55}}"#).unwrap();
+
+        let loaded = store.load();
+        assert_eq!(loaded.export.quality, 55);
+        assert_eq!(loaded.cache, dr_types::CacheSettings::default());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn load_sanitises_a_hand_edited_file() {
+        let (store, _dir) = store("sanitise");
+        std::fs::write(store.path(), r#"{"export":{"quality":250}}"#).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(store.load().export.quality, 100);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_save_replaces_rather_than_merging() {
+        let (store, _dir) = store("replace");
+
+        let mut first = Settings::default();
+        first.export.quality = 50;
+        store.save(&first).unwrap();
+
+        // The defaults again: quality must go back to 90, not stay at 50.
+        store.save(&Settings::default()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(store.load().export.quality, 90);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn no_temporary_file_is_left_behind() {
+        let (store, dir) = store("no-temp");
+        store.save(&Settings::default()).unwrap();
+
+        let leftovers: Vec<_> = std::fs::read_dir(&dir)
+            .unwrap()
+            .filter_map(|e| e.ok())
+            .map(|e| e.file_name().to_string_lossy().to_string())
+            .filter(|n| n.ends_with(".tmp"))
+            .collect();
+        assert!(leftovers.is_empty(), "left {leftovers:?} behind");
+    }
+}

ui/dr-ui/src/settings_ui.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,562 @@
+//! TRACES: FR-EXP-1 | FR-EXP-2 | FR-EXP-3 | FR-EXP-4 | FR-EXP-6 | FR-EXP-8 | FR-NC-6a
+//! Wires [`Settings`] to the Slint settings page.
+//!
+//! Shaped after [`launch_ui`](crate::launch_ui): the record lives in
+//! `dr-types` and is tested headless, [`render`] pushes it into window
+//! properties, and [`wire`] connects the callbacks. This module moves values
+//! across the boundary and decides nothing about what a setting *means*.
+//!
+//! # Every edit saves
+//!
+//! There is no Save button. A settings page with one has to answer what
+//! happens when the window closes with the button untouched, and every
+//! available answer is bad: discarding silently loses work, prompting turns a
+//! preference change into a dialogue, and saving anyway makes the button a
+//! decoration. Writing on each edit removes the question — the file is a few
+//! hundred bytes, written by rename, and the user's last action is always what
+//! is stored.
+//!
+//! A failed write is surfaced rather than swallowed, because the whole
+//! contract of this page is that what it shows is what is saved. If the disk
+//! is full or the config directory is unwritable, a page that kept displaying
+//! the new value would be lying.
+
+use std::cell::RefCell;
+use std::rc::Rc;
+
+use dr_types::settings::budget;
+use dr_types::{
+    CollisionPolicy, ColourSpace, ExportFormat, OutputSharpening, Settings, SizingMode,
+};
+use slint::ComponentHandle;
+
+use crate::settings_store::SettingsStore;
+use crate::AppWindow;
+
+/// Shared settings state for the running window.
+pub struct SettingsController {
+    pub settings: RefCell<Settings>,
+    pub store: SettingsStore,
+    /// Reported by the page when a write fails. Held here rather than pushed
+    /// straight to the window so [`render`] stays the single writer of window
+    /// properties.
+    error: RefCell<Option<String>>,
+    /// How much disk the cache is currently using, as a label. Supplied by
+    /// whoever owns the catalog — this module has no connection to query.
+    usage_label: RefCell<String>,
+}
+
+impl SettingsController {
+    pub fn new() -> Rc<Self> {
+        let store = SettingsStore::open();
+        let settings = store.load();
+        Rc::new(Self {
+            settings: RefCell::new(settings),
+            store,
+            error: RefCell::new(None),
+            usage_label: RefCell::new(String::new()),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// The current settings, for whoever needs to act on them.
+    pub fn snapshot(&self) -> Settings {
+        self.settings.borrow().clone()
+    }
+
+    /// Show what the cache is holding. Empty hides the line.
+    pub fn set_usage_label(&self, label: String) {
+        *self.usage_label.borrow_mut() = label;
+    }
+
+    /// Apply an edit and persist it.
+    ///
+    /// Takes a closure rather than a whole `Settings` so a caller cannot
+    /// accidentally write back a stale copy of the fields it was not editing —
+    /// with a save on every keystroke, two controls holding their own snapshots
+    /// would overwrite each other.
+    fn edit(&self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Settings)) {
+        {
+            let mut settings = self.settings.borrow_mut();
+            f(&mut settings);
+            // The page can produce out-of-range values — a typed quality, a
+            // pasted number — so the same clamp the file gets on read applies
+            // here, before anything is stored or shown.
+            settings.sanitise();
+        }
+
+        let snapshot = self.settings.borrow().clone();
+        match self.store.save(&snapshot) {
+            Ok(()) => *self.error.borrow_mut() = None,
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::warn!("saving settings: {e}");
+                *self.error.borrow_mut() = Some(format!(
+                    "Could not save to {}: {e}",
+                    self.store.path().display()
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Push the settings into the window's properties.
+pub fn render(window: &AppWindow, controller: &SettingsController) {
+    let s = controller.settings.borrow();
+
+    // --- cache ---------------------------------------------------------
+    window.set_settings_original_budget(budget::label(s.cache.original_budget_bytes).into());
+    window.set_settings_original_unlimited(s.cache.original_budget_bytes.is_none());
+    window.set_settings_thumbnail_budget(budget::label(s.cache.thumbnail_budget_bytes).into());
+    window.set_settings_thumbnail_unlimited(s.cache.thumbnail_budget_bytes.is_none());
+    window.set_settings_keep_opened(s.cache.keep_opened_originals);
+    window.set_settings_cache_usage(controller.usage_label.borrow().clone().into());
+
+    // --- export --------------------------------------------------------
+    //
+    // Choice rows are sent as labels plus the selected index rather than as a
+    // model of structs: the page draws a row of chips from them and nothing
+    // else, so a label and an index is the whole of what it needs.
+    window.set_settings_format_labels(labels(ExportFormat::ALL.iter().map(|f| f.label())));
+    window.set_settings_format_selected(index_of(&ExportFormat::ALL, &s.export.format));
+
+    window.set_settings_quality(s.export.quality as i32);
+    // Disabled rather than hidden for a lossless format: a control that
+    // vanishes when PNG is picked reads as a bug, where a greyed one explains
+    // itself.
+    window.set_settings_quality_enabled(s.export.format.is_lossy());
+
+    window.set_settings_colour_labels(labels(ColourSpace::ALL.iter().map(|c| c.label())));
+    window.set_settings_colour_selected(index_of(&ColourSpace::ALL, &s.export.colour_space));
+
+    window.set_settings_sizing_labels(labels(SizingMode::CHOICES.iter().map(|m| m.label())));
+    // Compared by variant, not by equality: `LongEdge(900)` after the user
+    // typed their own number is still the "Long edge" choice, and equality
+    // against `CHOICES` would light nothing.
+    window.set_settings_sizing_selected(
+        SizingMode::CHOICES
+            .iter()
+            .position(|m| m.same_mode(s.export.sizing))
+            .unwrap_or(0) as i32,
+    );
+    window.set_settings_sizing_value(s.export.sizing.value().unwrap_or(0) as i32);
+    // `Original` carries no number, so the field beside the chips has nothing
+    // to edit and is hidden rather than shown holding a meaningless zero.
+    window.set_settings_sizing_has_value(s.export.sizing.value().is_some());
+    window.set_settings_sizing_unit(
+        match s.export.sizing {
+            SizingMode::Percentage(_) => "%",
+            _ => "px",
+        }
+        .into(),
+    );
+    window.set_settings_allow_upscaling(s.export.allow_upscaling);
+
+    window.set_settings_sharpening_labels(labels(OutputSharpening::ALL.iter().map(|x| x.label())));
+    window.set_settings_sharpening_selected(index_of(
+        &OutputSharpening::ALL,
+        &s.export.sharpening,
+    ));
+
+    window.set_settings_filename_template(s.export.filename_template.clone().into());
+    window.set_settings_collision_labels(labels(CollisionPolicy::ALL.iter().map(|c| c.label())));
+    window.set_settings_collision_selected(index_of(&CollisionPolicy::ALL, &s.export.collision));
+    window.set_settings_strip_location(s.export.strip_location);
+
+    window.set_settings_destination(s.export.destination.clone().into());
+
+    window.set_settings_error(
+        controller
+            .error
+            .borrow()
+            .clone()
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+            .into(),
+    );
+}
+
+/// A label list as a Slint model.
+fn labels<'a>(items: impl Iterator<Item = &'a str>) -> slint::ModelRc<slint::SharedString> {
+    let v: Vec<slint::SharedString> = items.map(slint::SharedString::from).collect();
+    slint::ModelRc::new(slint::VecModel::from(v))
+}
+
+/// Where `value` sits in `all`, as the index the page selects by.
+fn index_of<T: PartialEq>(all: &[T], value: &T) -> i32 {
+    all.iter().position(|v| v == value).unwrap_or(0) as i32
+}
+
+/// Connect the page's callbacks.
+///
+/// `on_budget_changed` runs when a cache ceiling moves, so the caller can
+/// enforce it against the catalog — this module has no connection and must not
+/// grow one.
+pub fn wire<F>(window: &AppWindow, controller: Rc<SettingsController>, on_budget_changed: F)
+where
+    F: Fn(&Settings) + 'static,
+{
+    let on_budget_changed = Rc::new(on_budget_changed);
+
+    // --- opening and closing -------------------------------------------
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_open(move || {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            // Re-read from disk on open rather than trusting the copy in
+            // memory: another instance of the app may have written the file
+            // since, and showing a stale value would let this window save it
+            // back over the newer one.
+            *ctl.settings.borrow_mut() = ctl.store.load();
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+            w.set_show_settings(true);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        window.on_settings_close(move || {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            w.set_show_settings(false);
+        });
+    }
+
+    // --- cache ---------------------------------------------------------
+    //
+    // A budget arrives as typed text. An unparseable entry leaves the previous
+    // value in place and `render` puts the stored one back in the field, so a
+    // typo is visibly rejected rather than silently shrinking a cache.
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        let notify = on_budget_changed.clone();
+        window.on_settings_original_budget_changed(move |text| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            if let Some(bytes) = budget::from_gb(&text) {
+                ctl.edit(|s| s.cache.original_budget_bytes = Some(bytes));
+                notify(&ctl.snapshot());
+            } else {
+                log::debug!("ignoring an unusable cache budget: {text:?}");
+            }
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        let notify = on_budget_changed.clone();
+        window.on_settings_original_unlimited_toggled(move |unlimited| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            ctl.edit(|s| {
+                s.cache.original_budget_bytes = if unlimited {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    // Back to the default rather than to whatever it was
+                    // before: the previous figure is not kept while unlimited
+                    // is on, and inventing one would be a guess. The default is
+                    // at least a documented number.
+                    Some(dr_types::settings::DEFAULT_ORIGINAL_BUDGET_BYTES)
+                };
+            });
+            notify(&ctl.snapshot());
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        let notify = on_budget_changed.clone();
+        window.on_settings_thumbnail_budget_changed(move |text| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            if let Some(bytes) = budget::from_gb(&text) {
+                ctl.edit(|s| s.cache.thumbnail_budget_bytes = Some(bytes));
+                notify(&ctl.snapshot());
+            }
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        let notify = on_budget_changed.clone();
+        window.on_settings_thumbnail_unlimited_toggled(move |unlimited| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            ctl.edit(|s| {
+                s.cache.thumbnail_budget_bytes = if unlimited {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(dr_types::settings::DEFAULT_THUMBNAIL_BUDGET_BYTES)
+                };
+            });
+            notify(&ctl.snapshot());
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_keep_opened_toggled(move |on| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            ctl.edit(|s| s.cache.keep_opened_originals = on);
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    // --- export --------------------------------------------------------
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_format_picked(move |i| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            if let Some(f) = ExportFormat::ALL.get(i as usize).copied() {
+                ctl.edit(|s| s.export.format = f);
+            }
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_quality_changed(move |q| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            // Cast before clamping: a negative from the control would wrap to a
+            // large `u8` and land on 100 instead of the floor.
+            ctl.edit(|s| s.export.quality = q.clamp(1, 100) as u8);
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_colour_picked(move |i| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            if let Some(c) = ColourSpace::ALL.get(i as usize).copied() {
+                ctl.edit(|s| s.export.colour_space = c);
+            }
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_sizing_picked(move |i| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            if let Some(mode) = SizingMode::CHOICES.get(i as usize).copied() {
+                // Keeps the number the user already typed when they move
+                // between two sized modes: switching long edge to short edge
+                // at 900px means 900 on the other axis, not back to 1600.
+                ctl.edit(|s| {
+                    s.export.sizing = match s.export.sizing.value() {
+                        Some(v) => mode.with_value(v),
+                        None => mode,
+                    };
+                });
+            }
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_sizing_value_changed(move |text| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            match text.trim().parse::<u32>() {
+                Ok(v) if v > 0 => ctl.edit(|s| s.export.sizing = s.export.sizing.with_value(v)),
+                _ => log::debug!("ignoring an unusable export size: {text:?}"),
+            }
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_upscaling_toggled(move |on| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            ctl.edit(|s| s.export.allow_upscaling = on);
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_sharpening_picked(move |i| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            if let Some(x) = OutputSharpening::ALL.get(i as usize).copied() {
+                ctl.edit(|s| s.export.sharpening = x);
+            }
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_template_changed(move |text| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            ctl.edit(|s| s.export.filename_template = text.to_string());
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_collision_picked(move |i| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            if let Some(c) = CollisionPolicy::ALL.get(i as usize).copied() {
+                ctl.edit(|s| s.export.collision = c);
+            }
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_strip_location_toggled(move |on| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            ctl.edit(|s| s.export.strip_location = on);
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        window.on_settings_destination_changed(move |text| {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            ctl.edit(|s| s.export.destination = text.to_string());
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+
+    // --- reset ---------------------------------------------------------
+    {
+        let weak = window.as_weak();
+        let ctl = controller.clone();
+        let notify = on_budget_changed.clone();
+        window.on_settings_reset(move || {
+            let Some(w) = weak.upgrade() else { return };
+            ctl.edit(|s| *s = Settings::default());
+            notify(&ctl.snapshot());
+            render(&w, &ctl);
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    /// A controller writing to a scratch file, with no window attached.
+    ///
+    /// The edit-and-persist path is what is worth testing here and it needs no
+    /// display server; `render` and `wire` are the parts that need a window,
+    /// and they only move values.
+    fn controller(name: &str) -> Rc<SettingsController> {
+        let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
+            "dr-settings-ui-{name}-{}-{:?}",
+            std::process::id(),
+            std::thread::current().id()
+        ));
+        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+
+        let store = SettingsStore::open_at(dir.join("settings.json"));
+        Rc::new(SettingsController {
+            settings: RefCell::new(store.load()),
+            store,
+            error: RefCell::new(None),
+            usage_label: RefCell::new(String::new()),
+        })
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn an_edit_reaches_the_file_without_a_save_button() {
+        let ctl = controller("autosave");
+        ctl.edit(|s| s.export.quality = 60);
+        assert_eq!(ctl.store.load().export.quality, 60);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn an_edit_is_sanitised_before_it_is_stored() {
+        let ctl = controller("sanitise");
+        ctl.edit(|s| s.export.quality = 200);
+        assert_eq!(ctl.snapshot().export.quality, 100);
+        assert_eq!(ctl.store.load().export.quality, 100);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn two_edits_do_not_overwrite_each_other() {
+        // The reason `edit` takes a closure: a caller holding a whole
+        // `Settings` would write back its own stale copy of every other field.
+        let ctl = controller("independent");
+        ctl.edit(|s| s.export.quality = 70);
+        ctl.edit(|s| s.export.format = ExportFormat::Png);
+
+        let stored = ctl.store.load();
+        assert_eq!(stored.export.quality, 70);
+        assert_eq!(stored.export.format, ExportFormat::Png);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_reset_restores_the_defaults_and_persists_them() {
+        let ctl = controller("reset");
+        ctl.edit(|s| {
+            s.export.quality = 10;
+            s.cache.original_budget_bytes = None;
+        });
+        ctl.edit(|s| *s = Settings::default());
+
+        assert_eq!(ctl.store.load(), Settings::default());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn switching_between_sized_modes_keeps_the_typed_number() {
+        let ctl = controller("sizing");
+        ctl.edit(|s| s.export.sizing = SizingMode::LongEdge(900));
+        // What `on_settings_sizing_picked` does for a sized target.
+        ctl.edit(|s| {
+            s.export.sizing = match s.export.sizing.value() {
+                Some(v) => SizingMode::ShortEdge(0).with_value(v),
+                None => SizingMode::ShortEdge(1600),
+            }
+        });
+        assert_eq!(ctl.snapshot().export.sizing, SizingMode::ShortEdge(900));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_write_failure_is_recorded_rather_than_swallowed() {
+        // The page's contract is that what it shows is saved, so a failed
+        // write has to be visible.
+        let ctl = controller("unwritable");
+        // A path whose parent is a *file* cannot be created as a directory.
+        let blocker = ctl.store.path().with_file_name("blocker");
+        std::fs::write(&blocker, b"not a directory").unwrap();
+        let broken = SettingsController {
+            settings: RefCell::new(Settings::default()),
+            store: SettingsStore::open_at(blocker.join("settings.json")),
+            error: RefCell::new(None),
+            usage_label: RefCell::new(String::new()),
+        };
+
+        broken.edit(|s| s.export.quality = 50);
+        assert!(broken.error.borrow().is_some(), "the failure was silent");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_successful_write_clears_an_earlier_error() {
+        let ctl = controller("clears");
+        *ctl.error.borrow_mut() = Some("stale".to_string());
+        ctl.edit(|s| s.export.quality = 80);
+        assert_eq!(*ctl.error.borrow(), None);
+    }
+}

ui/dr-ui/ui/app.slint

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { LaunchScreen } from "launch.slint";
 import { LibraryGrid, LibraryCell, TimelineBar } from "library.slint";
 import { Button, PanelHeading, Label, Value, Caption, Panel, EmptyState } from "widgets.slint";
 import { CollectionsPanel, CollectionRow } from "collections.slint";
+import { SettingsPage } from "settings.slint";
 
 export { LibraryCell, TimelineBar, CollectionRow }
 
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ component StatusBar inherits Rectangle {
     in property <bool> can-return-to-library: false;
 
     callback back-to-library();
+    callback open-settings();
 
     // Tall enough for a Button to sit in without the strip growing: the
     // control height and this strip are both 28px by design.
@@ -59,6 +61,14 @@ component StatusBar inherits Rectangle {
 
         Caption { text: root.layout-class; }
 
+        // Reachable from develop as well as from the grid: export defaults are
+        // most likely to be wanted with a finished photograph on screen, which
+        // is exactly where this bar is and the library header is not.
+        Button {
+            text: "Settings";
+            clicked => { root.open-settings(); }
+        }
+
         // Degraded performance, so this is a caution rather than an active
         // state: the frame rate has fallen below what the compositing path is
         // supposed to sustain, which is exactly the assumption A1 exists to
@@ -258,6 +268,12 @@ export component AppWindow inherits Window {
     callback library-toggle-local-only();
     callback library-retry-connection();
 
+    // --- pinning a collection offline (FR-NC-6a) ---
+    in property <bool> library-scope-pinned: false;
+    in property <int> library-pin-done: 0;
+    in property <int> library-pin-total: 0;
+    callback library-toggle-pin-scope();
+
     in property <string> library-root-label: "";
     in-out property <[TimelineBar]> library-timeline;
     in property <string> library-timeline-label: "";
@@ -403,6 +419,69 @@ export component AppWindow inherits Window {
     callback curve-reset(int);
     callback reset-all();
 
+    // --- settings (FR-EXP-1, FR-EXP-3, FR-NC-6a) ---
+    //
+    // A page rather than an overlay, and the outermost of the view conditions
+    // below: it is reachable from the library and from develop, so guarding it
+    // with `!show-library` or `!show-launch` would make which one you came from
+    // decide whether it appears.
+    //
+    // Every control saves on change (see `settings_ui.rs`), so there is no
+    // dirty state here and nothing to confirm on the way out.
+    in-out property <bool> show-settings: false;
+
+    in property <string> settings-original-budget: "";
+    in property <bool> settings-original-unlimited: false;
+    in property <string> settings-thumbnail-budget: "";
+    in property <bool> settings-thumbnail-unlimited: false;
+    in property <bool> settings-keep-opened: true;
+    in property <string> settings-cache-usage: "";
+
+    callback settings-original-budget-changed(string);
+    callback settings-original-unlimited-toggled(bool);
+    callback settings-thumbnail-budget-changed(string);
+    callback settings-thumbnail-unlimited-toggled(bool);
+    callback settings-keep-opened-toggled(bool);
+
+    in property <[string]> settings-format-labels;
+    in property <int> settings-format-selected: 0;
+    in property <int> settings-quality: 90;
+    in property <bool> settings-quality-enabled: true;
+    in property <[string]> settings-colour-labels;
+    in property <int> settings-colour-selected: 0;
+    in property <[string]> settings-sizing-labels;
+    in property <int> settings-sizing-selected: 0;
+    in property <int> settings-sizing-value: 0;
+    in property <bool> settings-sizing-has-value: false;
+    in property <string> settings-sizing-unit: "px";
+    in property <bool> settings-allow-upscaling: false;
+    in property <[string]> settings-sharpening-labels;
+    in property <int> settings-sharpening-selected: 0;
+    in property <string> settings-filename-template: "";
+    in property <[string]> settings-collision-labels;
+    in property <int> settings-collision-selected: 0;
+    in property <bool> settings-strip-location: true;
+    in property <string> settings-destination: "";
+    in property <string> settings-error: "";
+
+    callback settings-format-picked(int);
+    callback settings-quality-changed(int);
+    callback settings-colour-picked(int);
+    callback settings-sizing-picked(int);
+    callback settings-sizing-value-changed(string);
+    callback settings-upscaling-toggled(bool);
+    callback settings-sharpening-picked(int);
+    callback settings-template-changed(string);
+    callback settings-collision-picked(int);
+    callback settings-strip-location-toggled(bool);
+    callback settings-destination-changed(string);
+    callback settings-reset();
+
+    /// Show the settings page. Reads the file first, so a second instance's
+    /// writes are picked up rather than overwritten.
+    callback settings-open();
+    callback settings-close();
+
     // FR-UI-1: layout class follows window width, not device type. A narrow
     // desktop window gets the compact layout, exactly as a tablet would.
     //
@@ -418,9 +497,69 @@ export component AppWindow inherits Window {
     // One-way: report width outward, never read layout back into it.
     changed width => { root.window-resized(self.width); }
 
+    // Settings, over everything. First in the file and first in z-order so the
+    // conditions below can be read as "and settings is not open".
+    if root.show-settings: SettingsPage {
+        width: 100%;
+        height: 100%;
+
+        original-budget: root.settings-original-budget;
+        original-unlimited: root.settings-original-unlimited;
+        thumbnail-budget: root.settings-thumbnail-budget;
+        thumbnail-unlimited: root.settings-thumbnail-unlimited;
+        keep-opened: root.settings-keep-opened;
+        cache-usage: root.settings-cache-usage;
+
+        original-budget-changed(t) => { root.settings-original-budget-changed(t); }
+        original-unlimited-toggled(on) => {
+            root.settings-original-unlimited-toggled(on);
+        }
+        thumbnail-budget-changed(t) => { root.settings-thumbnail-budget-changed(t); }
+        thumbnail-unlimited-toggled(on) => {
+            root.settings-thumbnail-unlimited-toggled(on);
+        }
+        keep-opened-toggled(on) => { root.settings-keep-opened-toggled(on); }
+
+        format-labels: root.settings-format-labels;
+        format-selected: root.settings-format-selected;
+        quality: root.settings-quality;
+        quality-enabled: root.settings-quality-enabled;
+        colour-labels: root.settings-colour-labels;
+        colour-selected: root.settings-colour-selected;
+        sizing-labels: root.settings-sizing-labels;
+        sizing-selected: root.settings-sizing-selected;
+        sizing-value: root.settings-sizing-value;
+        sizing-has-value: root.settings-sizing-has-value;
+        sizing-unit: root.settings-sizing-unit;
+        allow-upscaling: root.settings-allow-upscaling;
+        sharpening-labels: root.settings-sharpening-labels;
+        sharpening-selected: root.settings-sharpening-selected;
+        filename-template: root.settings-filename-template;
+        collision-labels: root.settings-collision-labels;
+        collision-selected: root.settings-collision-selected;
+        strip-location: root.settings-strip-location;
+        destination: root.settings-destination;
+        error: root.settings-error;
+
+        format-picked(i) => { root.settings-format-picked(i); }
+        quality-changed(q) => { root.settings-quality-changed(q); }
+        colour-picked(i) => { root.settings-colour-picked(i); }
+        sizing-picked(i) => { root.settings-sizing-picked(i); }
+        sizing-value-changed(t) => { root.settings-sizing-value-changed(t); }
+        upscaling-toggled(on) => { root.settings-upscaling-toggled(on); }
+        sharpening-picked(i) => { root.settings-sharpening-picked(i); }
+        template-changed(t) => { root.settings-template-changed(t); }
+        collision-picked(i) => { root.settings-collision-picked(i); }
+        strip-location-toggled(on) => { root.settings-strip-location-toggled(on); }
+        destination-changed(t) => { root.settings-destination-changed(t); }
+
+        close() => { root.settings-close(); }
+        reset-defaults() => { root.settings-reset(); }
+    }
+
     // The launch screen replaces the whole window rather than overlaying it:
     // there is no library to look at until an account is configured.
-    if root.show-launch: LaunchScreen {
+    if !root.show-settings && root.show-launch: LaunchScreen {
         width: 100%;
         height: 100%;
         signed-in: root.launch-signed-in;
@@ -457,7 +596,7 @@ export component AppWindow inherits Window {
     // has been opened but no image chosen yet. The collections sidebar and the
     // grid are siblings here rather than the sidebar living inside the grid,
     // because the drag that connects them has to be owned above both.
-    if !root.show-launch && root.show-library: Rectangle {
+    if !root.show-settings && !root.show-launch && root.show-library: Rectangle {
         background: Theme.ground;
 
         HorizontalLayout {
@@ -518,6 +657,11 @@ export component AppWindow inherits Window {
                 local-only: root.library-local-only;
                 local-count: root.library-local-count;
                 toggle-local-only() => { root.library-toggle-local-only(); }
+
+                scope-pinned: root.library-scope-pinned;
+                pin-done: root.library-pin-done;
+                pin-total: root.library-pin-total;
+                toggle-pin-scope() => { root.library-toggle-pin-scope(); }
                 root-label: root.library-root-label;
                 timeline: root.library-timeline;
                 timeline-label: root.library-timeline-label;
@@ -554,6 +698,7 @@ export component AppWindow inherits Window {
                 cell-clicked(i) => { root.library-cell-clicked(i); }
                 rescan() => { root.library-rescan(); }
                 change-library() => { root.library-change(); }
+                open-settings() => { root.settings-open(); }
 
                 cell-pressed(i, ctrl, shift) => {
                     root.library-cell-pressed(i, ctrl, shift);
@@ -600,7 +745,7 @@ export component AppWindow inherits Window {
         }
     }
 
-    if !root.show-launch && !root.show-library: VerticalLayout {
+    if !root.show-settings && !root.show-launch && !root.show-library: VerticalLayout {
         StatusBar {
             adapter: root.adapter;
             backend: root.backend;
@@ -612,6 +757,7 @@ export component AppWindow inherits Window {
             // grid to return to.
             can-return-to-library: root.library-total > 0;
             back-to-library() => { root.back-to-library(); }
+            open-settings() => { root.settings-open(); }
         }
 
         HorizontalLayout {

ui/dr-ui/ui/library.slint

@@ -583,6 +583,8 @@ export component LibraryGrid inherits Rectangle {
     callback rescan();
     /// Back to the launch screen, to change library or account.
     callback change-library();
+    /// Open the settings page.
+    callback open-settings();
 
     // --- selection and drag ---
     //
@@ -646,6 +648,17 @@ export component LibraryGrid inherits Rectangle {
     in property <string> offline-reason: "";
     in property <string> offline-since: "";
     callback retry-connection();
+
+    // --- pinning (FR-NC-6a) -----------------------------------------------
+    //
+    // Whether the collection the grid is scoped to is kept offline, and how
+    // far the download has got. Progress is shown because pinning a trip is
+    // gigabytes of transfer — a button that appeared to do nothing for twenty
+    // minutes would read as broken.
+    in property <bool> scope-pinned: false;
+    in property <int> pin-done: 0;
+    in property <int> pin-total: 0;
+    callback toggle-pin-scope();
     /// Narrow to images whose RAW is stored locally — the ones openable now.
     in property <bool> local-only: false;
     in property <int> local-count: 0;
@@ -767,6 +780,19 @@ export component LibraryGrid inherits Rectangle {
                     clicked => { root.change-library(); }
                 }
 
+                // TRACES: FR-NC-6a
+                // Keep this collection offline. Only offered when the grid is
+                // scoped to one: "pin the whole library" is a different and
+                // much more expensive request, and a button that meant either
+                // depending on invisible state would be a trap.
+                if root.scope-label != "": Button {
+                    text: root.scope-pinned ? "Pinned ✓" : "Pin offline";
+                    active: root.scope-pinned;
+                    enabled: !root.scanning;
+                    y: (parent.height - self.height) / 2;
+                    clicked => { root.toggle-pin-scope(); }
+                }
+
                 Button {
                     // Shares the finished index so a second device inherits it
                     // rather than repeating hours of range fetches.
@@ -782,6 +808,16 @@ export component LibraryGrid inherits Rectangle {
                     visible: !root.scanning;
                     clicked => { root.rescan(); }
                 }
+
+                // Last in the row, and unconditional. The buttons before it
+                // come and go with what the grid is showing; settings is
+                // always reachable, and a control that moved as its
+                // neighbours appeared would be hunted for each time.
+                Button {
+                    text: "Settings";
+                    y: (parent.height - self.height) / 2;
+                    clicked => { root.open-settings(); }
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -916,6 +952,38 @@ export component LibraryGrid inherits Rectangle {
                       : 0;
         }
 
+        // --- pinning ------------------------------------------------------
+        //
+        // Its own line rather than the shared progress bar above: that one is
+        // driven by the scan and the sweep, and a pin runs alongside both.
+        if root.pin-total > 0: Rectangle {
+            height: 34px;
+            background: Theme.surface;
+
+            HorizontalLayout {
+                padding-left: Theme.gap;
+                padding-right: Theme.gap;
+                spacing: Theme.gap;
+
+                Caption {
+                    text: "Downloading for offline — " + root.pin-done + " of " + root.pin-total;
+                    vertical-alignment: center;
+                }
+
+                ProgressBar {
+                    fraction: root.pin-done / max(1, root.pin-total);
+                    y: (parent.height - self.height) / 2;
+                    horizontal-stretch: 1;
+                }
+            }
+
+            Rectangle {
+                y: parent.height - 1px;
+                height: 1px;
+                background: Theme.rule;
+            }
+        }
+
         // --- offline ------------------------------------------------------
         //
         // Above the scan error, and it suppresses it: when the server is

ui/dr-ui/ui/settings.slint

@@ -0,0 +1,581 @@
+import { Theme } from "theme.slint";
+import { Button, PanelHeading, Label, Value, Caption, Panel, Field, Section } from "widgets.slint";
+
+// Settings: how much disk the app may spend, and what an export defaults to.
+//
+// A full-window page rather than a modal dialogue. Two reasons, and the second
+// is the load-bearing one. A modal has to be dismissed to check anything it
+// refers to, and these settings refer to the library constantly — how full the
+// cache is, where exports land. And every control here saves on change
+// (see `settings_ui.rs`), so there is no OK/Cancel pair for a modal to host;
+// a dialogue frame with only a close button is a window pretending to be a
+// decision.
+//
+// It replaces the view rather than overlaying it because the app already
+// switches views this way — launch, library, develop — and an overlay would be
+// a fourth mechanism for the same job.
+
+// One choice out of several, drawn as a row of chips.
+//
+// Not a dropdown. Every choice set on this page is short and the options are
+// worth reading side by side — a photographer picking an output colour space
+// benefits from seeing that ProPhoto exists next to sRGB, which a collapsed
+// menu hides behind a click. `FilterChip` in widgets.slint is the same idea for
+// the library's rating filter, but it carries a count and a filter's
+// on-off semantics; this is single-selection over a fixed list, so the
+// behaviour differs where it matters.
+component ChoiceChip inherits Rectangle {
+    in property <string> label;
+    in property <bool> selected: false;
+    in property <bool> enabled: true;
+    callback clicked();
+
+    height: Theme.control-height;
+    // Wide enough that a one-word label is still a comfortable target, which
+    // is what `control-min-width` exists for — but chips sit several to a row,
+    // so they take their own narrower floor rather than the button's.
+    min-width: 64px;
+    border-radius: Theme.radius;
+    border-width: 1px;
+    border-color: root.selected ? Theme.active : Theme.rule;
+    // The selected chip fills, matching the checked box and the slider fill:
+    // `active` is the token for an engaged control, and this is the one chip in
+    // the row that is engaged.
+    background: !root.enabled ? transparent
+                : (root.selected ? Theme.active
+                   : (touch.pressed ? Theme.pressed
+                      : (touch.has-hover ? Theme.hover : transparent)));
+    opacity: root.enabled ? 1.0 : 0.4;
+
+    touch := TouchArea {
+        // FR-UI-3: the drawn chip is `control-height`, so the target grows
+        // past its own bounds rather than the ink growing.
+        height: max(parent.height, Theme.touch-target);
+        y: (parent.height - self.height) / 2;
+        enabled: root.enabled;
+        mouse-cursor: pointer;
+        clicked => { root.clicked(); }
+    }
+
+    Text {
+        text: root.label;
+        // Dark on the fill: `active` is near-white and ink on it is invisible.
+        color: root.selected ? Theme.ground : Theme.ink;
+        font-size: Theme.text;
+        horizontal-alignment: center;
+        vertical-alignment: center;
+        width: 100%;
+        height: 100%;
+    }
+}
+
+// A labelled row of chips, with the label above rather than beside.
+//
+// Above, because the chip rows are wide and a left-hand label column would
+// either crush them or leave the page half empty at narrow widths. Stacked,
+// every row uses the full width at any window size (FR-UI-1).
+component ChoiceRow inherits VerticalLayout {
+    in property <string> label;
+    in property <string> hint;
+    in property <[string]> options;
+    in property <int> selected: 0;
+    in property <bool> enabled: true;
+    callback picked(int);
+
+    spacing: 4px;
+
+    HorizontalLayout {
+        spacing: Theme.gap;
+        Label { text: root.label; body: true; }
+        Caption {
+            text: root.hint;
+            horizontal-alignment: right;
+            horizontal-stretch: 1;
+            overflow: elide;
+        }
+    }
+
+    HorizontalLayout {
+        spacing: Theme.gap-sm;
+        alignment: start;
+
+        for option[i] in root.options: ChoiceChip {
+            label: option;
+            selected: i == root.selected;
+            enabled: root.enabled;
+            clicked => { root.picked(i); }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// A switch: one setting that is either on or off.
+//
+// The tick-box shape is `FormatCheck`'s from launch.slint, which is the
+// established idiom for a boolean in this codebase. Reproduced rather than
+// shared because that one is private to the launch screen and lives inside its
+// format list; lifting it into widgets.slint would be the better move once a
+// third caller appears, and doing it for the second is how a component ends up
+// with parameters for every caller's variation.
+component Switch inherits Rectangle {
+    in property <string> label;
+    in property <string> hint;
+    in-out property <bool> checked;
+    callback toggled(bool);
+
+    height: max(row.preferred-height, Theme.control-height);
+
+    touch := TouchArea {
+        height: max(parent.height, Theme.touch-target);
+        y: (parent.height - self.height) / 2;
+        clicked => {
+            root.checked = !root.checked;
+            root.toggled(root.checked);
+        }
+    }
+
+    row := HorizontalLayout {
+        spacing: Theme.gap;
+        alignment: start;
+
+        Rectangle {
+            width: 18px;
+            height: 18px;
+            y: (parent.height - self.height) / 2;
+            border-radius: Theme.radius-sm;
+            border-width: 1px;
+            border-color: root.checked ? Theme.active : Theme.rule;
+            background: root.checked ? Theme.active : transparent;
+
+            Text {
+                text: "✓";
+                color: Theme.ground;
+                font-size: 12px;
+                visible: root.checked;
+                horizontal-alignment: center;
+                vertical-alignment: center;
+                width: 100%;
+                height: 100%;
+            }
+        }
+
+        VerticalLayout {
+            spacing: 1px;
+            alignment: center;
+            Label { text: root.label; body: true; emphasised: touch.has-hover; }
+            // The hint carries *why* a default is what it is, for the settings
+            // where that is not obvious from the name — upscaling being off,
+            // location being stripped. A page of bare switches makes the user
+            // guess at the consequence of each.
+            Caption { text: root.hint; visible: root.hint != ""; wrap: word-wrap; }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// A text entry with its label above and an optional unit after it.
+//
+// `Field` is `touch-target` tall and stretches, which is right for a server
+// URL on the launch screen and wrong for a byte count — so this constrains the
+// width rather than restyling the field.
+component EntryRow inherits VerticalLayout {
+    in property <string> label;
+    in property <string> hint;
+    in-out property <string> text;
+    in property <string> unit;
+    in property <string> placeholder;
+    in property <bool> enabled: true;
+    in property <length> field-width: 140px;
+    callback accepted(string);
+
+    spacing: 4px;
+
+    HorizontalLayout {
+        spacing: Theme.gap;
+        Label { text: root.label; body: true; }
+        Caption {
+            text: root.hint;
+            horizontal-alignment: right;
+            horizontal-stretch: 1;
+            overflow: elide;
+        }
+    }
+
+    HorizontalLayout {
+        spacing: Theme.gap-sm;
+        alignment: start;
+
+        Rectangle {
+            width: root.field-width;
+            height: field.preferred-height;
+            opacity: root.enabled ? 1.0 : 0.4;
+
+            field := Field {
+                width: 100%;
+                text <=> root.text;
+                placeholder: root.placeholder;
+                // Committed on Enter *and* on losing focus. Enter alone loses
+                // an edit the moment the user clicks the next control, which
+                // on a page that saves continuously reads as the setting not
+                // having taken.
+                accepted(t) => { root.accepted(t); }
+            }
+
+            // `Field` reports focus but does not signal losing it, so the
+            // change is watched here.
+            property <bool> focused: field.has-focus;
+            changed focused => {
+                if (!self.focused) {
+                    root.accepted(root.text);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Label {
+            text: root.unit;
+            visible: root.unit != "";
+            vertical-alignment: center;
+            height: Theme.touch-target;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+export component SettingsPage inherits Rectangle {
+    // --- cache ---------------------------------------------------------
+    in-out property <string> original-budget;
+    in property <bool> original-unlimited: false;
+    in-out property <string> thumbnail-budget;
+    in property <bool> thumbnail-unlimited: false;
+    in property <bool> keep-opened: true;
+    /// What the cache currently holds. Empty hides the line.
+    in property <string> cache-usage;
+
+    callback original-budget-changed(string);
+    callback original-unlimited-toggled(bool);
+    callback thumbnail-budget-changed(string);
+    callback thumbnail-unlimited-toggled(bool);
+    callback keep-opened-toggled(bool);
+
+    // --- export --------------------------------------------------------
+    in property <[string]> format-labels;
+    in property <int> format-selected: 0;
+    in property <int> quality: 90;
+    in property <bool> quality-enabled: true;
+    in property <[string]> colour-labels;
+    in property <int> colour-selected: 0;
+    in property <[string]> sizing-labels;
+    in property <int> sizing-selected: 0;
+    in-out property <int> sizing-value: 0;
+    in property <bool> sizing-has-value: false;
+    in property <string> sizing-unit: "px";
+    in property <bool> allow-upscaling: false;
+    in property <[string]> sharpening-labels;
+    in property <int> sharpening-selected: 0;
+    in-out property <string> filename-template;
+    in property <[string]> collision-labels;
+    in property <int> collision-selected: 0;
+    in property <bool> strip-location: true;
+    in-out property <string> destination;
+
+    callback format-picked(int);
+    callback quality-changed(int);
+    callback colour-picked(int);
+    callback sizing-picked(int);
+    callback sizing-value-changed(string);
+    callback upscaling-toggled(bool);
+    callback sharpening-picked(int);
+    callback template-changed(string);
+    callback collision-picked(int);
+    callback strip-location-toggled(bool);
+    callback destination-changed(string);
+
+    /// A save failed. The page's whole contract is that what it shows is
+    /// stored, so this cannot be swallowed.
+    in property <string> error;
+
+    callback close();
+    callback reset-defaults();
+
+    background: Theme.ground;
+
+    VerticalLayout {
+        // --- header ----------------------------------------------------
+        //
+        // 44px and `surface`, matching the library's header exactly: this is
+        // the same kind of bar in the same place, and a page that drew its own
+        // height would read as a different application.
+        Rectangle {
+            height: 44px;
+            background: Theme.surface;
+
+            HorizontalLayout {
+                padding-left: Theme.gap;
+                padding-right: Theme.gap;
+                spacing: Theme.gap;
+
+                Button {
+                    text: "‹ Back";
+                    y: (parent.height - self.height) / 2;
+                    clicked => { root.close(); }
+                }
+
+                Value { text: "Settings"; }
+
+                Rectangle { horizontal-stretch: 1; }
+
+                Caption {
+                    // Says where the file is, because a settings page that
+                    // saves silently gives the user nothing to point a backup
+                    // or a support question at.
+                    text: "Saved automatically";
+                    vertical-alignment: center;
+                }
+
+                Button {
+                    text: "Reset to defaults";
+                    y: (parent.height - self.height) / 2;
+                    clicked => { root.reset-defaults(); }
+                }
+            }
+
+            Rectangle {
+                y: parent.height - 1px;
+                height: 1px;
+                background: Theme.rule;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // A failed write, above the content: it applies to everything below
+        // and the user needs it before they keep editing into a file that is
+        // not being written.
+        if root.error != "": Rectangle {
+            height: 32px;
+            background: Theme.surface;
+            HorizontalLayout {
+                padding-left: Theme.gap;
+                padding-right: Theme.gap;
+                Caption { text: root.error; warn: true; overflow: elide; }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Flickable {
+            vertical-stretch: 1;
+            viewport-height: content.preferred-height;
+
+            content := VerticalLayout {
+                width: 100%;
+                padding: Theme.gap-lg;
+                spacing: Theme.gap-lg;
+                alignment: start;
+
+                // The column is capped rather than filling the window. A
+                // settings form stretched across a 2560px display puts its
+                // label at one edge and its control at the other; 680px is
+                // about 90 characters of `text`, which is a readable measure.
+                // `min` so a narrow window still uses what it has (FR-UI-1).
+                property <length> column: min(root.width - 2 * Theme.gap-lg, 680px);
+
+                // --- storage ---------------------------------------------
+                Rectangle {
+                    width: content.column;
+                    height: storage.preferred-height;
+
+                    storage := Panel {
+                        width: 100%;
+
+                        PanelHeading { text: "STORAGE"; }
+
+                        Caption {
+                            text: "How much of this device's disk DarkRoom may use. "
+                                  + "These are per-device and never travel with the library.";
+                            wrap: word-wrap;
+                        }
+
+                        // What is actually held, before what is allowed:
+                        // a ceiling means nothing without the current figure
+                        // to judge it against.
+                        if root.cache-usage != "": Value {
+                            text: root.cache-usage;
+                            compact: true;
+                        }
+
+                        Rectangle { height: Theme.gap-sm; }
+
+                        EntryRow {
+                            label: "Cached originals";
+                            hint: "evicted oldest-first when full";
+                            text <=> root.original-budget;
+                            enabled: !root.original-unlimited;
+                            placeholder: "8.0 GB";
+                            accepted(t) => { root.original-budget-changed(t); }
+                        }
+
+                        Switch {
+                            label: "No limit on cached originals";
+                            hint: "Nothing is ever evicted for space. "
+                                  + "Pinned photographs are kept regardless.";
+                            checked: root.original-unlimited;
+                            toggled(on) => { root.original-unlimited-toggled(on); }
+                        }
+
+                        Rectangle { height: Theme.gap-sm; }
+
+                        EntryRow {
+                            label: "Thumbnails and previews";
+                            hint: "what the grid draws from";
+                            text <=> root.thumbnail-budget;
+                            enabled: !root.thumbnail-unlimited;
+                            placeholder: "2.0 GB";
+                            accepted(t) => { root.thumbnail-budget-changed(t); }
+                        }
+
+                        Switch {
+                            label: "No limit on thumbnails";
+                            checked: root.thumbnail-unlimited;
+                            toggled(on) => { root.thumbnail-unlimited-toggled(on); }
+                        }
+
+                        Rectangle { height: Theme.gap-sm; }
+
+                        Switch {
+                            label: "Keep originals after opening them";
+                            hint: "The file was downloaded anyway, so keeping it "
+                                  + "costs no bandwidth and saves the transfer next time.";
+                            checked: root.keep-opened;
+                            toggled(on) => { root.keep-opened-toggled(on); }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // --- export ----------------------------------------------
+                Rectangle {
+                    width: content.column;
+                    height: export-panel.preferred-height;
+
+                    export-panel := Panel {
+                        width: 100%;
+                        spacing: Theme.gap;
+
+                        PanelHeading { text: "EXPORT DEFAULTS"; }
+
+                        Caption {
+                            text: "What an export starts from. Every one of these "
+                                  + "is still changeable per export.";
+                            wrap: word-wrap;
+                        }
+
+                        ChoiceRow {
+                            label: "Format";
+                            options: root.format-labels;
+                            selected: root.format-selected;
+                            picked(i) => { root.format-picked(i); }
+                        }
+
+                        EntryRow {
+                            label: "Quality";
+                            // Says why it is greyed rather than leaving the
+                            // user to work out that PNG has no quality.
+                            hint: root.quality-enabled ? "1 to 100"
+                                  : "the chosen format is lossless";
+                            text: root.quality;
+                            enabled: root.quality-enabled;
+                            field-width: 90px;
+                            accepted(t) => { root.quality-changed(t.to-float()); }
+                        }
+
+                        ChoiceRow {
+                            label: "Colour space";
+                            hint: "profile embedded on export";
+                            options: root.colour-labels;
+                            selected: root.colour-selected;
+                            picked(i) => { root.colour-picked(i); }
+                        }
+
+                        ChoiceRow {
+                            label: "Size";
+                            options: root.sizing-labels;
+                            selected: root.sizing-selected;
+                            picked(i) => { root.sizing-picked(i); }
+                        }
+
+                        // Only where the chosen mode carries a number:
+                        // "Original" has none, and a field showing 0 beside it
+                        // would invite the reading "zero pixels".
+                        if root.sizing-has-value: EntryRow {
+                            label: "Size value";
+                            text: root.sizing-value;
+                            unit: root.sizing-unit;
+                            field-width: 90px;
+                            accepted(t) => { root.sizing-value-changed(t); }
+                        }
+
+                        Switch {
+                            label: "Allow upscaling";
+                            hint: "Off, a request larger than the source exports "
+                                  + "at source size rather than failing.";
+                            checked: root.allow-upscaling;
+                            toggled(on) => { root.upscaling-toggled(on); }
+                        }
+
+                        ChoiceRow {
+                            label: "Output sharpening";
+                            hint: "scaled by the resize factor";
+                            options: root.sharpening-labels;
+                            selected: root.sharpening-selected;
+                            picked(i) => { root.sharpening-picked(i); }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // --- naming and destination ------------------------------
+                //
+                // Its own panel rather than more of the export one: format and
+                // size describe the image, these describe the file. The export
+                // panel was long enough that the boundary was worth drawing.
+                Rectangle {
+                    width: content.column;
+                    height: naming.preferred-height;
+
+                    naming := Panel {
+                        width: 100%;
+                        spacing: Theme.gap;
+
+                        PanelHeading { text: "FILES AND METADATA"; }
+
+                        EntryRow {
+                            label: "Filename template";
+                            hint: "{name} {seq} {date} {dimensions} {preset}";
+                            text <=> root.filename-template;
+                            field-width: 260px;
+                            placeholder: "{name}";
+                            accepted(t) => { root.template-changed(t); }
+                        }
+
+                        ChoiceRow {
+                            label: "If the file exists";
+                            options: root.collision-labels;
+                            selected: root.collision-selected;
+                            picked(i) => { root.collision-picked(i); }
+                        }
+
+                        EntryRow {
+                            label: "Destination";
+                            hint: "empty asks each time";
+                            text <=> root.destination;
+                            field-width: 320px;
+                            placeholder: "Ask each time";
+                            accepted(t) => { root.destination-changed(t); }
+                        }
+
+                        Switch {
+                            label: "Strip location and personal metadata";
+                            hint: "On. An export is usually the copy that leaves "
+                                  + "this machine, and a location embedded in a "
+                                  + "published photograph cannot be recalled.";
+                            checked: root.strip-location;
+                            toggled(on) => { root.strip-location-toggled(on); }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}